Once a hair strand splits, it can't permanently repair itself. Because hair isn't living tissue, split ends can't biologically heal.
Some haircare products can temporarily bind split fibers together, making ends look smoother, healthier, and less frayed while preventing them from splitting further. These cosmetic effects usually last through one to two washes.
The only permanent way to remove split ends is to trim them. However, preventing new ones is much easier. Using heat protection, handling hair gently, minimizing mechanical damage, and keeping hair well conditioned can all help reduce future breakage and splitting.